Authorised by a public health organisation.

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases (ACVD) encompasses a wide range of conditions including ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease and peripheral arterial diseasei. Evidence has shown that periodontitis is associated with significant sub-clinical atherosclerosis.

There is early evidence supporting the association between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight and preeclampsia.

Early evidence indicates that there is a link between periodontitis and inflammatory bowel diseases in that they both share a common pathophysiology and the disease outcomes are worse when both conditions are present in an individual.

Links between periodontitis and neurodegenerative conditions have been determined with periodontal pathogens identified in amyloid plaques.
The evidence is still emerging but sufficient to indicate that monitoring and management of oral health diseases is a modifiable risk factor in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Periodontitis and respiratory diseases share common risk factors including smoking, obesity and diabetes. There is early evidence supporting the association between periodontitis and some common respiratory diseases - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and COVID-19.

The causal and bi-directional link between type II diabetes and periodontitis is well established.
Type II diabetes is known to affect and be affected by periodontitis. Management of either disease improves the progression and outcome of the other.